Questões de Enem e Vestibulares: Inglês

The six–year molars
The six–year molars are the permanent teeth. They are the "keystone" of the dental arch. They are also extremely susceptible to decay.
Parents have to understand that these teeth are very important. Over 25% of 6 to 7 year old children have beginning cavities in one of the molars.
The early loss of one of these molars causes serious problems in childhood and adult life. It is never easy for parents to make kids take care of their teeth. Even so, parents have to insist and never give up.
O texto aborda uma temática inerente ao processo de desenvolvimento do ser humano, a dentição.
Há informação quantificada na mensagem quando se diz que as cáries dos dentes mencionados

Crystal Ball
Come see your life in my crystal glass –
Twenty–five cents is all you pay.
Let me look into your past –
Here?s what you had for lunch today:
Tuna salad and mashed potatoes,
Collard greens pea soup and apple juice,
Chocolate milk and lemon mousse.
You admit I?ve got told it all?
Well, I know it, I confess,
Not by looking, in my ball,
But just by looking at your dress.
SILVERSTEIN, S. Falling up. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1996.
A curiosidade a respeito do futuro pode exercer um fascínio peculiar sobre algumas pessoas, a ponto de colocá–las em situações inusitadas. Na letra da música Crystal Ball, essa situação fica evidente quando é revelado à pessoa que ela

Hip hop music
Hip hop music is a musical genre which developed as part of hip hop culture, and is defined by key stylistic elements such as rapping, DJing, sampling (or synthesis), scratching and beatboxing. Hip hop began in the South Bronx of New York City in the 1970s. The term rap is often used synonymously with hip hop, but hip hop denotes the practices of an entire subculture.
Disponível em: http://en.wikipedia.org. Acesso em: 8 jul. 2010.
Brazilian hip hop is one of the world?s major hip hop scenes, with active rap, break dance, and grafitti scenes, especially in São Paulo, where groups tend to have a more internacional style, influenced by old school hip hop and gangsta rap.
Brazilian rap has served as a reflection of political, social, and racial issues plaguing the disenfranchised youth in the suburbs of São Paulo and Rio. The lyrical content, band names, and song names used by Brazilian hip hop artists often connote the socio–political issues surrounding their communities.
Disponível em: http://en.wikipedia.org. Acesso em: 8 jul. 2010 (fragmento).
Sendo a música uma das formas de manifestação cultural de um país, o rap brasileiro, a partir das informações do texto, tem sido caracterizado

The record industry
The record industry is undoubtedly in crisis, with labels laying off employees in continuation. This is because CD sales are plummeting as youngsters prefer to download their music from the Internet, usually free of charge.
And yet it´s not all gloom and doom. Some labels are in fact thriving. Putumayo World Music, for example, is growing, thanks to its catalogue of ethnic compilation albums, featuring work by largely unknown artists from around the planet.
Putumayo, which takes its name from a valley in Colombia, was founded in New York in 1993. It began life as an alternative clothing company, but soon decided to concentrate on music. Indeed its growth appears to have coincided with that of world music as a genre.
Speak Up. Ano XXIII, nº 275 (fragmento).
A indústria fonográfica passou por várias mudanças no século XX e, como consequência, as empresas enfrentaram crises. Entre as causas, o texto da revista Speak Up aponta

Ebonics The word ebonics is made up of two words. Ebony, which means black and phonics, which refers to sound. It is a systematic rule–governed natural speech that is consistent as any other language in sentence structure. This is referred to as syntax. What makes this speech pattern uniquely different to "so called" American Standard English is its verb tense or lack of it. An example of this can be seen in the sentence, "He is sick today". This same sentence translated in ebonics would read, "He sick today".
As you can see the verb has been omitted. However, this speech pattern is consistently used. Major controversy has arisen whether or not ebonics is a separate language or simply a dialect. In doing my research, I have found that most linguists take the position that ebonics is a dialect. What distinguishes dialect from language is that in dialect two speakers share most or some of the same vocabulary and is recognizable and understandable. In contrast, separate languages are present only when the inability to communicate verbally occurs.
A linguística é a ciência que se interessa pela linguagem humana em seus mais diferentes aspectos, e assim nos ajuda a pensar sobre a diversidade cultural e linguística. Nesse texto, a questão da diversidade linguística é discutida por meio